Introduction Cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) is a crucial intervention in secondary prevention, aimed at stabilizing clinical conditions and reducing future cardiovascular events. CR is a class 1 recommendation for all patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objective This study evaluates the impact of CR on modifying coronary risk factors in patients who underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) or received non-surgical interventions like medical therapy or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). CR components include patient assessment, physical activity, counselling, exercise training, dietary guidance, risk factor management, patient education, psychosocial support, and vocational advice.

Materials and Method A retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed medical records from June 2021 to June 2024. Data analysis using SPSS included descriptive statistics, mean ± standard deviation (SD), one-way ANOVA for normally distributed variables, and Chi-square tests for categorical data.

Results The profile of atherosclerotic risk factors were similar between the surgical intervention and non-surgically treated subjects. Significant improvements in coronary risk factors were observed across all patients post-CR. Notably, CABG patients showed substantial increases in normal blood pressure (from 30% to 72% in 2021 and 48% to 92% in 2024) as compared to non-CABG treated group (from 33% to 58% in 2021 and 45% to 82% in 2024). As for normalized lipid profiles (from 32% to 68% in 2021 and 42% to 96% in 2024) for CABG group, as compared to non-CABG treated from 44% to 60% in 2021 and 44% to 84% in 2024. CABG patients showed marked improvement in non-smoking habits (from 44% to 84% in 2021 and 52% to 100% in 2024) as compared to non-CABG treated (from 38% to 78% in 2021 and 48% to 88% in 2024).

Conclusion CR significantly enhances the modification of coronary risk factors, particularly post-CABG, underscoring its role in improving patient outcomes and raising awareness following major surgery.